NUCLEAR AND SUPRANUCLEAR
GAZE DISTURBANCES
Supranuclear vertical gaze palsy
(Video 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
Single saccadic pulses (saccadic intrusions)
The "round the houses" sign (*)
Skew deviation
Supranuclear horizontal gaze palsy
Blink-associated contralateral eccentric saccades
Nuclear horizontal gaze palsy
Periodic alternating gaze deviation
Ocular contrapulsion
Cogan’s congenital ocular motor apraxia
(Infantile Saccade Initiation Delay Syndrome)
Ocular motor apraxia
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
Bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia
Wall-eyed internuclear ophthalmoplegia (WEBINO)
One-and-a-half syndrome
Eight-and-a-half syndrome
Palsy of conjugate horizontal gaze
Ping-Pong gaze
Convergence spasm or spasm of the near reflex
(Non-organic)
Impaired upgaze in dorsal midbrain (Parinaud’s) syndrome